Spinning unit



F. KENT v SPINNING UNIT Aug. 23; 1938.

Filed Odt. 19, 19s? 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Frederic I n 81% vfizwux ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 23, 1938 orrics'l srmhmd UNIT r'reserierkem, Glen Rees. N. 1.,

Sipp-Eastwood Corporation, corporation of New Jersey assignor to Paterson, NNL, a

Application October-19, 1933;, Serial No. 169,830

yarn being extended and 9 18 Claims. (Ci. MRI-9.5)

Fig. 2 "is a view showing the unit mainly in her r tical diametric section;

direction, .=-then laterally through a flier portion of the rotor, and :then

p in a direction opposite to the: first; direction exterior of the mass and to a guide,

one twist iorming between the yarn mass and the flier and the other" between the flier and the guide. .For instance, see my application serialNor 122,792.- Heretofore the portion of: the yarn which exthe yarn -holder core '32; and,

15 tends from the fiierto the guide has been free I to balloon without restraint and there has "been no provision for protecting such portion not only against atmospheric air currents but against the actual resistance of even static air. Further,

20 difllculty has 'been met with in the eifort to pro-.

vide a proper tensioning of-the yarn within the unit. In view of these considerations ithas been regarded as impossible to double-twist, after [the manner indicated, certain yarns without disrup- 25 tion thereof or abrading them or subjecting them to such changein character as to affect their appearance and their quality properly to absorb dyes. Such yarns, for instance, are acetate yarns in which the component filaments are almost more easily distorted or injured yarns whose filaments are of the atural class.

According to this invention I have provided a spinning unit inwhich the portion of the yarn 35 which would otherwise form a balloon of more or less extent, according to the rotary speed of the flier, is definitely confined and further protected from both currents and the resistance of atmospheric air and in which the portion of the 30 parallel or without substantial biil'igiigg twist and 40 yarn actually contained in the unit is.properly tensioned, such tensioning being further accomplished in a' manner extremely simple and requiring no independently movable parts. Preferably the rotor flier is the actual confining means-and is it has a ,flexible .and elastic. connection with the an those of of parts 22, 23,. and It; i

'ing 3.4 and parts adjacent thesame.

Fig. 31s a side elevation of the rotor with shell .22 removed and Fig. 4. a plan thereof partly 7 broken away and with conduit it removed; 5 Fig. 513 a plan rone oi the heii-gdis s it;

Fig. 6 is an elevationof stripylh .Fig. 7 is a framentary side elevation oi the lower portion oflthe rotor flier Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical'sectional view M10 Fig. an a' side elevation e'i ihe-u perbbrt r jei Fig. 10 is a. vertical sectional view of the be'ar- H The three main parts oi'the unit are the stator, or fixed structure; the rotor 'journaled in'the stator and including a filer which conducts the yarn, after passing in one direction axially through the yarn mass, generally laterally and then in the opposite direction for travel thereupon throush aguide independent of the unit; and a yarn-mass holder which is coaxial with but is withheld from rotation with the rotor.

The statonllhe rail I carried by brackets 2a on vertical uprights 2 in inclined, position (the uprights being assumed to be vertical parts of the machine including the spinning unit) receives the depending hollow shank 3 of the bolster whose upper portion includes a housing I having an upstanding flange 5. The shanl; is closed at its loweriend'by a plug 8 and thus forms an oilwell which may be filled at nozzle I. The bolster has an upper ball-bearing 8 and, in the plug, a lowerbearing 9. The shank is held to the rail normally in perpendicular relationthereto but is susceptible of some angular displacement as an incident of vibration, thus: Between the rail and housing are gaskets l0 oi which the intermediate one is elastic, as rubber; below the rail is a nut ll 40 screwed-on the shank and between the rail and nut isa helical spring I! interposed between two washers i3. Fixed in the housing is the field I4 oi an electric motor whose wiring may enter a axial portion or spindle'of the rotor which enables the flier to find its own when the rotor attains a given speed.

The 'flier portion 01' the rotor is further so de- 50 a that there is a novel controlled flow orp I progress or the yarn in the lateral direction.

In the drawin s center of balance Fig. Lisa side elevation, or the improved spinning unit displaced hernia normal ortiltedto hole ii. A part 018- the stator is preferablya cylindrical shield 18 ofindurated paper or the like stifllight material whose lower end is telescoped into the flang'e I and rests on lugs 5a.

'0! the flange, having a top stiiiening bead a. --'Ihe oil-well in the shank is tapered downwardly so thatwhen .the spindle is in rotation the oil, under centrifugal -force created by the spindle,

.willbe elevated to theupper bearing 8.

The futon-This comprises a spindle and a flier. fl he spindle; I1, is iournaled in the bearings I l5 I erally stated,

scoped at its lower above the flange arranged to coast Wit .l is inclined the spin:

re tilted,

flier comprisu a diaphragm fixed to the spindle just above the armature and a cylindrical phragm the under sides of the disk ll and annulus II are channeled (see Fig. 4, showing the disk broken away and the annulus plane through that portion of duct which forms the channel in the annulus) and such channel is closed by a pair of half-disks I which are secured against the under sides of the disk and annulus by a spring-ring 21 engaged in a groove at the inside of the flange 20a of the annulus. Said duct is preferably lined by a conduit 28 in the form of a cross-sectionally round wire developed as a long helical coil with its convolutions here close together so that the surface of the passage formed by the conduit is corrugated. This passage not only permits the travel therethrough, without obstruction incident to joints between the parts of the rotor, of a flexible wirelike yarn-threader, but it has a quite important function hereinafter to be explained.

The yarn-mass hidden-This comprises, gena discal base portion to support the wound mass (as windings of yarn on a spool) and an axial portion to be received in the bore of said mass. Bearings are to exist between the spindle portion of the rotor and such holder, spaced from each other axially of the rotor and mass, as one above the other, and both of these should be accommodated in the holder in such manner as not to require the bore of the mass to be of excessive diameter. Further, said axial portion of the holder should protrude from the wound mass so that its protruding (and hence nonrotating) terminal will afford stationary contact for the yarn where it begins its travel in the direction through the bore of the mass. The holder is constructed with these observations in view and may be regarded as formed in two main sections, a lower section comprising, with a disk The shell, 12, is snugly tclemetal core 82 having an 'cased in a sleeve -38 carried by the base in the portion of (c-iicrdinz the lease) in which. is contained, a. cent: stem, and upper sectionv including a tubal ml or terminal to telescope over said stem which the other bearing is contained, the other terminal of such section being adapted to protrude from the bore of the mass to afford the said stationary contact for the yarn. The holder is to be held against rotation.

29 is the disk of the lower section and 30 its said stem, formed tubular to receive the spindle 11. The disk has a segment "a thereof weighted and it accommodates one of said bearings, as a ballbearing II; Ila is an elastic, as rubber, bushing between the disk and the outer race of the bearing. The upper section comprises a cylindrical axial bore "a and en- In the preferred form there is a cylindrical shell (disk II) of the yarnmass holder, being telesooped thereover, as shown, and fastened thereto, and this may have a removable cap Ila. The shell may be of indurated paper and the cap of some transparent material.

The cap being removed and the yarn mass a (as a core 2 around which the yarn is wound) fitted over the axial portion of the yam-mass holder and left resting on its base (disk 29), with the aid of a yam-threading device or snake" the yarn is directed down through the bore 32a of the upper section of the holder and through passage of the rotor and is then extended through the usual guide ll arranged above the spinning unit. When the unit is operating, a twist forms the yarn between the wound mass and the flier as the latter rotates relatively to the former and another twist forms in the portion of the yarn between the flier and the u de 30.

Instead of the yarn, having travelled axially through the yarn mass in one direction, being free to balloon as to the portion thereof which is travelling toward the guide it in the opposite direction and exterior of the mass, it is by this invention confined within a definite orbit, to wit, defined by the part 22 here actually formed to surround the mass and which further shields said portion not only with respect to air exterior of such part but (because of strip 28) with respect to air within the same.

Again. instead of the yarn, having travelled through the yarn mass axially thereof, being free to move thereupon laterally subject to no resistance to the tendency of centrifugal force secured v as that side of said extent of its length 35 But when the attend its rotation.

60 shell 22.

2,127,021 to cause it to drive a laterally (with the likelihood tending therethrough first toward said structur of its piling upin and clogging the passage 01 the conduit 28 in the case where, as here, the passage is next diverted to proceed alongthe'inside of the shell), it is caused to be gradually diverted away from theradial direction by a wall of the rotor which faces the rotor axis-and is itself diverted thus gradually from the latter, or here actually spirally formed, such wall being taken passage which corresponds to the outer side 25a of the portion of duct 25 which is formed in the diaphragm of the rotor. In short, for the yarn to travel laterally from the rotor axis it must undergo'friction as to an appreciable and by contact with such wall. Practice has shown that .this feature of my invention is indispensable at the high speed at which the 'rotoris driven (7200 R. P. M.), especially when acetate and the like yarns are being treated.

Further, a factor in producing tension on the yarn, which tension is largely an incident of centrifugal force acting to hold it outward against .the surface of the conduit 28 within bore 23a, is

25 the diversion it undergoes due to the mentioned wall and the friction between it and such wall.-

I If it 'be attempted to have the yarn fiow or progress through a passage providing a smooth surface and which undergoes more or less diversion, es'peciallysuch as characterizes the present passage 25 where it enters, passes spirally ough and leaves the diaphragm, I find in practice that 'such is impossible, especially in the case of acetate yarns, due to the adhesion setup.

passage surface (especially at each bend) is formed transversely corrugated, as when the conduit28 is present and it is formed ofcrosssectionally round wire, this difilculty is completely overcome and the progress of the yarn is smooth- 40 running.

In view of the high speed at which the rotor is driven and the form of its flier portion, here not only developed to flank the wound mass but actually formed as a shell supported at one end and representing appreciable mass, it is found very'necessary to connect such flier portion with the axial portion or spindle of the rotor by flexible elastic means, as the described diaphragm, so that when a given speed is attained it may find its center of balance. Without such connection the filer would not onlyhave to be balanced with extreme accuracy but so constructed that such balance could not be disturbed by handling or other cause, since otherwise unduevibration would The shell 38 and cap "a are present to protect the portion .of the yarn which is at any time im-- mediately paying on from the wound mass from disturbing currents of air created by the rotating Shield I 8 both protects shell 22 against accidental disturbance by the operator and insulates it from exterior moving or static air. Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is:

1. A yarn twisting unit including supporting structure, a rotor, journaled in and having a spindle projecting from said structure, and a holder spaced from said structure and receiving 7 the-spindle and confined by the rotor'to coaxial relation with the spindle and carried by and normally held from the rotation with the rotor and supporting the wound mass of yarn to be twisted in substantially coaxial relation to the 75 spindle, said spindle having a yarn passage exhaving a yarn spaced from saidstructure and receiving the spindle and confined by the rotor to coaxial relation with the spindle and carried by and normally held from rotation with the rotor. and supporting the -wound mass of yann to be 'twisted in substantially coaxial relation passage extending therethrough first toward said structure and then diverted into coincidence with the space between the latter and said holder, and said rotor having. means, ar-

ranged to flank the mass for confining within a given orbit the portion oi the yarn which, upon issuing from the diverted'part of said passage, is directed from said structure.

3. A yarn twisting unit including supporting structure, a'rotor journaled in and having a spindle projecting from said structure, and a holder spaced from said structure and receiving the spindle and confined by the rotor to coaxial relation with the spindle and carried by and normally held from the rotation with the rotor and supporting the wound mass of yarn to be twisted in substantially coaxial relation to the spindle, said spindle having a yarn passage extending therethrough first toward said structure and then diverted intocoincidence with the space between the latter and said holder, and said rotor having a shell arranged to'surround the mass and confine within a, given orbit the portion of the yarn which,upon issuing from the diverted part of the passage, is directed from said structure.

4. The unit set forth in claim 3 characterized by .said shell presenting in'any section thereof transverse of the rotor a substantially circular form and being substantially concentric with the rotor.

5. A yarn twisting unit including supporting structure, a rotor journaled in and having a spindle projecting from said structure, and a holder spaced from said structure and receiving the spindle and confined by the rotor to coaxial relation with the spindle and carried byand normally held from rotation with the rotor and supporting the wound mass of yarn to be twisted in substantially coaxial relation to the spindle, said rotor having a portion thereof arranged to flank the mass and a yarn passage extending through the spindle substantially axially thereof and toward said structure, then diverted into coincidence with the space between the latter and the holder, and then directed in substantiallythe direction in which the spindle projects fromsaid' structure, said rotor portion confining the part of the yarn lateral of the spindle, and travelling in said direction against centrifugal displacement. 6. The unit set forth in claim 5 characterized by said portion being a shell .surrounding the.

mass.

7. The unit set forth in by said portion being a shell presenting in any section thereof transverse of the rotor axis a substantially circular form and being substan tially coaxial with the rotor. 8. A yarn twistingunit including supporting structure, a rotor journaled in and projecting claim 5 characterized to the spindle, said spindle irorn said structure, and a said structure and carried by and no from rotation. with, and supporting mass of yarn to be twisted substantially co axial relation to, the rotor, said rotor having a yarn passage extending therethrougll i. d said structure and then diverted into co with the space between the latter and and said rotor including an axial port 1 arranged to surround the and oonhne a given orbit issuing from the diverted part of said directed from said structure, and elasti '1 means supporting the shell on said axle pot 9. A yarn twisting means including in combb nation, with supporting structure, a rotor having an axial portion journaled in said structure, and means, with reference to which the rotor rotates, for supporting the wound mass of yarn to be twisted in substantially coaxial relation to the rotor, said rotor including a yarn flier portion which projects lengthwise of said axial portion and is arranged to fiank the yarn mass and said portions having a flexible elastic connection with each other.

10. A yarn twisting means including in combination, with supporting structure, a rotor having an' axial portion journaled in said structure, and means, with reference to which the rotor rotates, or supporting the wound mass of yarn to be twisted in substantially coaxial relation to the rotor, said rotor including a shell-like yarn flier portion arranged to surround said mass and said portions having a flexible elastic connection tli each other.

11. A yarn twisting means including bination, with supporting structure, ot an axial portion journaled in. So. means, with reference to which the rote for supporting the wound mass c twisted in substantially coaxial re}: rotor, said rotor including a shell--13. i portion arranged to surround said mass and. a flexible elastic diaphragm com? :tir tions.

12, A yarn twisting; means ix; bination, with support IUfiliillw, a rotor jou: naled therein and having a note extending lengtl. wise of its axis, and a holder, wit reference to which the rotor rotates, for suppo ng wound mass of yarn to be twisted in s 'osto ally r-caxial relation to the ro or, said a shell formed and a ed yarn mass and said rotor having a tending laterally from said bore for discharge therefrom of yarn travelling from. the mass through the bore.

13. A yarn twisting including in com bination, with supporting" structure, rotor ,iournaled therein and having a bore extending fren tiwise of its axis, and a holder, with reierence to holder space from ,i held the portion of the yarn which, upon passage,

ole

iexi

its. cornsaid our 6. said rotor y from said u travelling M having a he rotor first rotor around said axis defining a ya extending around and facing tom [5 supporting project-- 15. A yarn twisting unit inciu structure, a rotor journaleii t' int: from said structure and hav a holder spaced from said struct by and normally held from supporting the wound mass of ya in substantially coaxial relation to, 0.: rotor having a portion thereof ar arn the mass and a passage extendir latera said more in coincidence with the space a said structure and holder for discharge irorn the bore of yarn travelling from. the mass through the bore, and said holder having a shell arranged to surround the mass and interposed between the same and said portion.

16. A. yarn twisting unit including mpporting structure, a rotor Journalecl in and projecting from said structure, a holder spaced from said structure and carried by and normally held from rotation with, and supporting the wound. mass of rarn he twisted substantially coaxial relatlon to, the rotor, said rotor having a. yarn passage extending therethr st toward said structure and then divertsthe space between the latte said rotor having means, among e mass, for confining within oi the yarn which, part oi. said passag tcture, and a shell oaiii arranged. to surrotu'lcl til a rotor.

rotor for a yarn twisti spindle and. a portion extendin the spindle perimeter, extending lengthwise the notes in a diverted disc tion having a wall provio face facing inwardly toward lut verted from the axis of die to afford Contact for yarn issuing verted portion of the passage.

18. The rotor setiorth claim 3.? char ized by said yarn-contact surface Girflfillirlllff around said axis.

from the cli- 

